Remanufacturing
Remanufacturing is the process in which discarded products are restored to like-new condition in a factory environment. This normally involves recovering, reconditioning, repairing and reassembling useable parts to produce a unit that works as well as the original product.
Remanufacturing creates more jobs than normal manufacturing as it requires products to be disassembled as well as assembled, doubling the labour requirement. However, the additional labour is more than paid for by the significant savings in raw material costs and remanufactured products typically sell for 40-60% cheaper than the equivalent new ones. Many global brands such as Renault, Caterpillar, Kodak, and Cisco now have remanufactured product lines.